1. rambda
Lightweight and faster alternative to Ramda with included TS definitions
rambda
Package: rambda
Created by: selfrefactor
Last modified: Tue, 02 Apr 2024 08:30:10 GMT
Version: 9.2.0
License: MIT
Downloads: 2,619,537
Repository: https://github.com/selfrefactor/rambda

Install

npm install rambda
yarn add rambda

Rambda

Rambda is smaller and faster alternative to the popular functional programming library Ramda. - Documentation

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❯ Example use

 import { compose, map, filter } from 'rambda'

const result = compose(
  map(x => x * 2),
  filter(x => x > 2)
)([1, 2, 3, 4])
// => [6, 8]

You can test this example in Rambda's REPL

---------------

❯ Rambda's advantages

TypeScript included

TypeScript definitions are included in the library, in comparison to Ramda, where you need to additionally install @types/ramda.

Still, you need to be aware that functional programming features in TypeScript are in development, which means that using R.compose/R.pipe can be problematic.

Important - Rambda version 7.1.0(or higher) requires TypeScript version 4.3.3(or higher).

Understandable source code due to little usage of internals

Ramda uses a lot of internals, which hides a lot of logic. Reading the full source code of a method can be challenging.

Better VSCode experience

If the project is written in Javascript, then go to source definition action will lead you to actual implementation of the method.

Immutable TS definitions

You can use immutable version of Rambda definitions, which is linted with ESLint functional/prefer-readonly-type plugin.

import {add} from 'rambda/immutable'

Deno support

Latest version of Ramba available for Deno users is 3 years old. This is not the case with Rambda as most of recent releases are available for Deno users.

Also, Rambda provides you with included TS definitions:

// Deno extension(https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=denoland.vscode-deno)
// is installed and initialized
import * as R from "https://deno.land/x/rambda/mod.ts";
import * as Ramda from "https://deno.land/x/ramda/mod.ts";

R.add(1)('foo') // => will trigger warning in VSCode as it should
Ramda.add(1)('foo') // => will not trigger warning in VSCode

Dot notation for R.path, R.paths, R.assocPath and R.lensPath

Standard usage of R.path is R.path(['a', 'b'], {a: {b: 1} }).

In Rambda you have the choice to use dot notation(which is arguably more readable):

R.path('a.b', {a: {b: 1} })

Comma notation for R.pick and R.omit

Similar to dot notation, but the separator is comma(,) instead of dot(.).

R.pick('a,b', {a: 1 , b: 2, c: 3} })
// No space allowed between properties

Speed

Rambda is generally more performant than Ramda as the benchmarks can prove that.

Support

One of the main issues with Ramda is the slow process of releasing new versions. This is not the case with Rambda as releases are made on regular basis.

---------------

❯ Missing Ramda methods

Click to see the full list of 43 Ramda methods not implemented in Rambda and their status.
  • into

  • invert

  • invertObj

  • invoker

  • keysIn

  • lift

  • liftN

  • mapAccum

  • mapAccumRight

  • memoizeWith

  • mergeDeepWith

  • mergeDeepWithKey

  • mergeWithKey

  • nAry

  • nthArg

  • o

  • otherwise

  • pair

  • partialRight

  • pathSatisfies

  • pipeWith

  • project

  • promap

  • reduceRight

  • reduceWhile

  • reduced

  • remove

  • scan

  • sequence

  • splitWhenever

  • symmetricDifferenceWith

  • andThen

  • toPairsIn

  • unary

  • uncurryN

  • unfold

  • unionWith

  • until

  • useWith

  • valuesIn

  • xprod

  • thunkify

  • default

    Most of above methods are in progress to be added to Rambda. The following methods are not going to be added:

  • __ - placeholder method allows user to further customize the method call. While, it seems useful initially, the price is too high in terms of complexity for TypeScript definitions. If it is not easy exressable in TypeScript, it is not worth it as Rambda is a TypeScript first library.

  • construct - Using classes is not very functional programming oriented.

  • constructN - same as above

  • transduce - currently is out of focus

  • traverse - same as above

---------------

❯ Install

  • yarn add rambda

  • For UMD usage either use ./dist/rambda.umd.js or the following CDN link:

https://unpkg.com/rambda@CURRENT_VERSION/dist/rambda.umd.js
  • with deno
import {add} from "https://deno.land/x/rambda/mod.ts";

---------------

Differences between Rambda and Ramda

  • Rambda's type detects async functions and unresolved Promises. The returned values are 'Async' and 'Promise'.

  • Rambda's type handles NaN input, in which case it returns NaN.

  • Rambda's forEach can iterate over objects not only arrays.

  • Rambda's map, filter, partition when they iterate over objects, they pass property and input object as predicate's argument.

  • Rambda's filter returns empty array with bad input(null or undefined), while Ramda throws.

  • Ramda's clamp work with strings, while Rambda's method work only with numbers.

  • Ramda's indexOf/lastIndexOf work with strings and lists, while Rambda's method work only with lists as iterable input.

  • Error handling, when wrong inputs are provided, may not be the same. This difference will be better documented once all brute force tests are completed.

  • TypeScript definitions between rambda and @types/ramda may vary.

If you need more Ramda methods in Rambda, you may either submit a PR or check the extended version of Rambda - Rambdax. In case of the former, you may want to consult with Rambda contribution guidelines.

---------------

❯ Benchmarks

Click to expand all benchmark results

There are methods which are benchmarked only with Ramda and Rambda(i.e. no Lodash).

Note that some of these methods, are called with and without curring. This is done in order to give more detailed performance feedback.

The benchmarks results are produced from latest versions of Rambda, Lodash(4.17.21) and Ramda(0.29.1).

method Rambda Ramda Lodash
add 🚀 Fastest 21.52% slower 82.15% slower
adjust 8.48% slower 🚀 Fastest 🔳
all 🚀 Fastest 7.18% slower 🔳
allPass 🚀 Fastest 88.25% slower 🔳
allPass 🚀 Fastest 98.56% slower 🔳
and 🚀 Fastest 89.09% slower 🔳
any 🚀 Fastest 92.87% slower 45.82% slower
anyPass 🚀 Fastest 98.25% slower 🔳
append 🚀 Fastest 2.07% slower 🔳
applySpec 🚀 Fastest 80.43% slower 🔳
assoc 72.32% slower 60.08% slower 🚀 Fastest
clone 🚀 Fastest 91.86% slower 86.48% slower
compose 6.07% slower 16.89% slower 🚀 Fastest
converge 78.63% slower 🚀 Fastest 🔳
curry 🚀 Fastest 28.86% slower 🔳
curryN 🚀 Fastest 41.05% slower 🔳
defaultTo 🚀 Fastest 48.91% slower 🔳
drop 🚀 Fastest 82.35% slower 🔳
dropLast 🚀 Fastest 86.74% slower 🔳
equals 58.37% slower 96.73% slower 🚀 Fastest
filter 6.7% slower 72.03% slower 🚀 Fastest
find 🚀 Fastest 85.14% slower 42.65% slower
findIndex 🚀 Fastest 86.48% slower 72.27% slower
flatten 🚀 Fastest 85.68% slower 3.57% slower
ifElse 🚀 Fastest 58.56% slower 🔳
includes 🚀 Fastest 81.64% slower 🔳
indexOf 🚀 Fastest 80.17% slower 🔳
indexOf 🚀 Fastest 82.2% slower 🔳
init 🚀 Fastest 92.24% slower 13.3% slower
is 🚀 Fastest 57.69% slower 🔳
isEmpty 🚀 Fastest 97.14% slower 54.99% slower
last 🚀 Fastest 93.43% slower 5.28% slower
lastIndexOf 🚀 Fastest 85.19% slower 🔳
map 🚀 Fastest 86.6% slower 11.73% slower
match 🚀 Fastest 44.83% slower 🔳
merge 🚀 Fastest 12.21% slower 55.76% slower
none 🚀 Fastest 96.48% slower 🔳
objOf 🚀 Fastest 38.05% slower 🔳
omit 🚀 Fastest 69.95% slower 97.34% slower
over 🚀 Fastest 56.23% slower 🔳
path 37.81% slower 77.81% slower 🚀 Fastest
pick 🚀 Fastest 19.07% slower 80.2% slower
pipe 🚀 Fastest 0.11% slower 🔳
prop 🚀 Fastest 87.95% slower 🔳
propEq 🚀 Fastest 91.92% slower 🔳
range 🚀 Fastest 61.8% slower 57.44% slower
reduce 60.48% slower 77.1% slower 🚀 Fastest
repeat 48.57% slower 68.98% slower 🚀 Fastest
replace 33.45% slower 33.99% slower 🚀 Fastest
set 🚀 Fastest 50.35% slower 🔳
sort 🚀 Fastest 40.23% slower 🔳
sortBy 🚀 Fastest 25.29% slower 56.88% slower
split 🚀 Fastest 55.37% slower 17.64% slower
splitEvery 🚀 Fastest 71.98% slower 🔳
take 🚀 Fastest 91.96% slower 4.72% slower
takeLast 🚀 Fastest 93.39% slower 19.22% slower
test 🚀 Fastest 82.34% slower 🔳
type 🚀 Fastest 48.6% slower 🔳
uniq 🚀 Fastest 84.9% slower 🔳
uniqBy 51.93% slower 🚀 Fastest 🔳
uniqWith 8.29% slower 🚀 Fastest 🔳
uniqWith 14.23% slower 🚀 Fastest 🔳
update 🚀 Fastest 52.35% slower 🔳
view 🚀 Fastest 76.15% slower 🔳

---------------

❯ Used by

---------------

API

add

It adds a and b.

Try this R.add example in Rambda REPL

---------------

addIndex

Try this R.addIndex example in Rambda REPL

---------------

addIndexRight

Same as R.addIndex, but it will passed indexes are decreasing, instead of increasing.

---------------

adjust

 
adjust<T>(index: number, replaceFn: (x: T) => T, list: T[]): T[]

It replaces index in array list with the result of replaceFn(list[i]).

Try this R.adjust example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 adjust<T>(index: number, replaceFn: (x: T) => T, list: T[]): T[];
adjust<T>(index: number, replaceFn: (x: T) => T): (list: T[]) => T[];
R.adjust source
 import { cloneList } from './_internals/cloneList.js'
import { curry } from './curry.js'

function adjustFn(
  index, replaceFn, list
){
  const actualIndex = index < 0 ? list.length + index : index
  if (index >= list.length || actualIndex < 0) return list

  const clone = cloneList(list)
  clone[ actualIndex ] = replaceFn(clone[ actualIndex ])

  return clone
}

export const adjust = curry(adjustFn)
Tests
 import { add } from './add.js'
import { adjust } from './adjust.js'
import { pipe } from './pipe.js'

const list = [ 0, 1, 2 ]
const expected = [ 0, 11, 2 ]

test('happy', () => {})

test('happy', () => {
  expect(adjust(
    1, add(10), list
  )).toEqual(expected)
})

test('with curring type 1 1 1', () => {
  expect(adjust(1)(add(10))(list)).toEqual(expected)
})

test('with curring type 1 2', () => {
  expect(adjust(1)(add(10), list)).toEqual(expected)
})

test('with curring type 2 1', () => {
  expect(adjust(1, add(10))(list)).toEqual(expected)
})

test('with negative index', () => {
  expect(adjust(
    -2, add(10), list
  )).toEqual(expected)
})

test('when index is out of bounds', () => {
  const list = [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ]
  expect(adjust(
    4, add(1), list
  )).toEqual(list)
  expect(adjust(
    -5, add(1), list
  )).toEqual(list)
})

---------------

all

 
all<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean, list: T[]): boolean

It returns true, if all members of array list returns true, when applied as argument to predicate function.

Try this R.all example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 all<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean, list: T[]): boolean;
all<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean): (list: T[]) => boolean;
R.all source
 export function all(predicate, list){
  if (arguments.length === 1) return _list => all(predicate, _list)

  for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++){
    if (!predicate(list[ i ])) return false
  }

  return true
}
Tests
 import { all } from './all.js'

const list = [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

test('when true', () => {
  const fn = x => x > -1

  expect(all(fn)(list)).toBeTrue()
})

test('when false', () => {
  const fn = x => x > 2

  expect(all(fn, list)).toBeFalse()
})
TypeScript test
 import {all} from 'rambda'

describe('all', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const result = all(
      x => {
        x // $ExpectType number
        return x > 0
      },
      [1, 2, 3]
    )
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('curried needs a type', () => {
    const result = all<number>(x => {
      x // $ExpectType number
      return x > 0
    })([1, 2, 3])
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
})

---------------

allPass

 
allPass<T>(predicates: ((x: T) => boolean)[]): (input: T) => boolean

It returns true, if all functions of predicates return true, when input is their argument.

Try this R.allPass example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 allPass<T>(predicates: ((x: T) => boolean)[]): (input: T) => boolean;
allPass<T>(predicates: ((...inputs: T[]) => boolean)[]): (...inputs: T[]) => boolean;
R.allPass source
 export function allPass(predicates){
  return (...input) => {
    let counter = 0
    while (counter < predicates.length){
      if (!predicates[ counter ](...input)){
        return false
      }
      counter++
    }

    return true
  }
}
Tests
 import { allPass } from './allPass.js'

test('happy', () => {
  const rules = [ x => typeof x === 'number', x => x > 10, x => x * 7 < 100 ]

  expect(allPass(rules)(11)).toBeTrue()

  expect(allPass(rules)(undefined)).toBeFalse()
})

test('when returns true', () => {
  const conditionArr = [ val => val.a === 1, val => val.b === 2 ]

  expect(allPass(conditionArr)({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })).toBeTrue()
})

test('when returns false', () => {
  const conditionArr = [ val => val.a === 1, val => val.b === 3 ]

  expect(allPass(conditionArr)({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })).toBeFalse()
})

test('works with multiple inputs', () => {
  const fn = function (
    w, x, y, z
  ){
    return w + x === y + z
  }
  expect(allPass([ fn ])(
    3, 3, 3, 3
  )).toBeTrue()
})
TypeScript test
 import {allPass, filter} from 'rambda'

describe('allPass', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const x = allPass<number>([
      y => {
        y // $ExpectType number
        return typeof y === 'number'
      },
      y => {
        return y > 0
      },
    ])(11)

    x // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('issue #642', () => {
    const isGreater = (num: number) => num > 5
    const pred = allPass([isGreater])
    const xs = [0, 1, 2, 3]

    const filtered1 = filter(pred)(xs)
    filtered1 // $ExpectType number[]
    const filtered2 = xs.filter(pred)
    filtered2 // $ExpectType number[]
  })
  it('issue #604', () => {
    const plusEq = function(w: number, x: number, y: number, z: number) {
      return w + x === y + z
    }
    const result = allPass([plusEq])(3, 3, 3, 3)

    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
})

---------------

always

It returns function that always returns x.

Try this R.always example in Rambda REPL

---------------

and

Logical AND

Try this R.and example in Rambda REPL

---------------

any

 
any<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean, list: T[]): boolean

It returns true, if at least one member of list returns true, when passed to a predicate function.

Try this R.any example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 any<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean, list: T[]): boolean;
any<T>(predicate: (x: T) => boolean): (list: T[]) => boolean;
R.any source
 export function any(predicate, list){
  if (arguments.length === 1) return _list => any(predicate, _list)

  let counter = 0
  while (counter < list.length){
    if (predicate(list[ counter ], counter)){
      return true
    }
    counter++
  }

  return false
}
Tests
 import { any } from './any.js'

const list = [ 1, 2, 3 ]

test('happy', () => {
  expect(any(x => x < 0, list)).toBeFalse()
})

test('with curry', () => {
  expect(any(x => x > 2)(list)).toBeTrue()
})
TypeScript test
 import {any} from 'rambda'

describe('R.any', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const result = any(
      x => {
        x // $ExpectType number
        return x > 2
      },
      [1, 2, 3]
    )
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })

  it('when curried needs a type', () => {
    const result = any<number>(x => {
      x // $ExpectType number
      return x > 2
    })([1, 2, 3])
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
})

---------------

anyPass

 
anyPass<T>(predicates: ((x: T) => boolean)[]): (input: T) => boolean

It accepts list of predicates and returns a function. This function with its input will return true, if any of predicates returns true for this input.

Try this R.anyPass example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 anyPass<T>(predicates: ((x: T) => boolean)[]): (input: T) => boolean;
anyPass<T>(predicates: ((...inputs: T[]) => boolean)[]): (...inputs: T[]) => boolean;
R.anyPass source
 export function anyPass(predicates){
  return (...input) => {
    let counter = 0
    while (counter < predicates.length){
      if (predicates[ counter ](...input)){
        return true
      }
      counter++
    }

    return false
  }
}
Tests
 import { anyPass } from './anyPass.js'

test('happy', () => {
  const rules = [ x => typeof x === 'string', x => x > 10 ]
  const predicate = anyPass(rules)
  expect(predicate('foo')).toBeTrue()
  expect(predicate(6)).toBeFalse()
})

test('happy', () => {
  const rules = [ x => typeof x === 'string', x => x > 10 ]

  expect(anyPass(rules)(11)).toBeTrue()
  expect(anyPass(rules)(undefined)).toBeFalse()
})

const obj = {
  a : 1,
  b : 2,
}

test('when returns true', () => {
  const conditionArr = [ val => val.a === 1, val => val.a === 2 ]

  expect(anyPass(conditionArr)(obj)).toBeTrue()
})

test('when returns false + curry', () => {
  const conditionArr = [ val => val.a === 2, val => val.b === 3 ]

  expect(anyPass(conditionArr)(obj)).toBeFalse()
})

test('with empty predicates list', () => {
  expect(anyPass([])(3)).toBeFalse()
})

test('works with multiple inputs', () => {
  const fn = function (
    w, x, y, z
  ){
    console.log(
      w, x, y, z
    )

    return w + x === y + z
  }
  expect(anyPass([ fn ])(
    3, 3, 3, 3
  )).toBeTrue()
})
TypeScript test
 import {anyPass, filter} from 'rambda'

describe('anyPass', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const x = anyPass<number>([
      y => {
        y // $ExpectType number
        return typeof y === 'number'
      },
      y => {
        return y > 0
      },
    ])(11)

    x // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('issue #604', () => {
    const plusEq = function(w: number, x: number, y: number, z: number) {
      return w + x === y + z
    }
    const result = anyPass([plusEq])(3, 3, 3, 3)

    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('issue #642', () => {
    const isGreater = (num: number) => num > 5
    const pred = anyPass([isGreater])
    const xs = [0, 1, 2, 3]

    const filtered1 = filter(pred)(xs)
    filtered1 // $ExpectType number[]
    const filtered2 = xs.filter(pred)
    filtered2 // $ExpectType number[]
  })
  it('functions as a type guard', () => {
    const isString = (x: unknown): x is string => typeof x === 'string'
    const isNumber = (x: unknown): x is number => typeof x === 'number'
    const isBoolean = (x: unknown): x is boolean => typeof x === 'boolean'

    const isStringNumberOrBoolean = anyPass([isString, isNumber, isBoolean])

    isStringNumberOrBoolean // $ExpectType (input: unknown) => boolean

    const aValue: unknown = 1

    if (isStringNumberOrBoolean(aValue)) {
      aValue // $ExpectType unknown
    }
  })
})

---------------

ap

 
ap<T, U>(fns: Array<(a: T) => U>[], vs: T[]): U[]

It takes a list of functions and a list of values. Then it returns a list of values obtained by applying each function to each value.

Try this R.ap example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 ap<T, U>(fns: Array<(a: T) => U>[], vs: T[]): U[];
ap<T, U>(fns: Array<(a: T) => U>): (vs: T[]) => U[];
ap<R, A, B>(fn: (r: R, a: A) => B, fn1: (r: R) => A): (r: R) => B;
R.ap source
 export function ap(functions, input){
  if (arguments.length === 1){
    return _inputs => ap(functions, _inputs)
  }

  return functions.reduce((acc, fn) => [ ...acc, ...input.map(fn) ], [])
}
Tests
 import { ap } from './ap.js'

function mult2(x){
  return x * 2
}
function plus3(x){
  return x + 3
}

test('happy', () => {
  expect(ap([ mult2, plus3 ], [ 1, 2, 3 ])).toEqual([ 2, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6 ])
})

---------------

aperture

 
aperture<N extends number, T>(n: N, list: T[]): Array<Tuple<T, N>> | []

It returns a new list, composed of consecutive n-tuples from a list.

Try this R.aperture example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 aperture<N extends number, T>(n: N, list: T[]): Array<Tuple<T, N>> | [];
aperture<N extends number>(n: N): <T>(list: T[]) => Array<Tuple<T, N>> | [];
R.aperture source
 export function aperture(step, list){
  if (arguments.length === 1){
    return _list => aperture(step, _list)
  }
  if (step > list.length) return []
  let idx = 0
  const limit = list.length - (step - 1)
  const acc = new Array(limit)
  while (idx < limit){
    acc[ idx ] = list.slice(idx, idx + step)
    idx += 1
  }

  return acc
}
Tests
 import { aperture } from './aperture.js'

const list = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]

test('happy', () => {
  expect(aperture(1, list)).toEqual([ [ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 4 ], [ 5 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ] ])
  expect(aperture(2, list)).toEqual([
    [ 1, 2 ],
    [ 2, 3 ],
    [ 3, 4 ],
    [ 4, 5 ],
    [ 5, 6 ],
    [ 6, 7 ],
  ])
  expect(aperture(3, list)).toEqual([
    [ 1, 2, 3 ],
    [ 2, 3, 4 ],
    [ 3, 4, 5 ],
    [ 4, 5, 6 ],
    [ 5, 6, 7 ],
  ])
  expect(aperture(8, list)).toEqual([])
})

---------------

append

 
append<T>(xToAppend: T, iterable: T[]): T[]

It adds element x at the end of iterable.

Try this R.append example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 append<T>(xToAppend: T, iterable: T[]): T[];
append<T, U>(xToAppend: T, iterable: IsFirstSubtypeOfSecond<T, U>[]) : U[];
append<T>(xToAppend: T): <U>(iterable: IsFirstSubtypeOfSecond<T, U>[]) => U[];
append<T>(xToAppend: T): (iterable: T[]) => T[];
R.append source
 import { cloneList } from './_internals/cloneList.js'

export function append(x, input){
  if (arguments.length === 1) return _input => append(x, _input)

  if (typeof input === 'string') return input.split('').concat(x)

  const clone = cloneList(input)
  clone.push(x)

  return clone
}
Tests
 import { append } from './append.js'

test('happy', () => {
  expect(append('tests', [ 'write', 'more' ])).toEqual([
    'write',
    'more',
    'tests',
  ])
})

test('append to empty array', () => {
  expect(append('tests')([])).toEqual([ 'tests' ])
})

test('with strings', () => {
  expect(append('o', 'fo')).toEqual([ 'f', 'o', 'o' ])
})
TypeScript test
 import {append, prepend} from 'rambda'

const listOfNumbers = [1, 2, 3]
const listOfNumbersAndStrings = [1, 'b', 3]

describe('R.append/R.prepend', () => {
  describe("with the same primitive type as the array's elements", () => {
    it('uncurried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append('d', listOfNumbers)
      // @ts-expect-error
      prepend('d', listOfNumbers)
      append(4, listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType number[]
      prepend(4, listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType number[]
    })

    it('curried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append('d')(listOfNumbers)
      append(4)(listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType number[]
      prepend(4)(listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType number[]
    })
  })

  describe("with a subtype of the array's elements", () => {
    it('uncurried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append(true, listOfNumbersAndStrings)
      append(4, listOfNumbersAndStrings) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
      prepend(4, listOfNumbersAndStrings) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
    })

    it('curried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append(true)(listOfNumbersAndStrings)
      append(4)(listOfNumbersAndStrings) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
      prepend(4)(listOfNumbersAndStrings) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
    })
  })

  describe("expanding the type of the array's elements", () => {
    it('uncurried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append('d', listOfNumbers)
      append<string | number>('d', listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
      prepend<string | number>('d', listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
    })

    it('curried', () => {
      // @ts-expect-error
      append('d')(listOfNumbers)
      const appendD = append('d')
      appendD<string | number>(listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
      const prependD = prepend('d')
      prependD<string | number>(listOfNumbers) // $ExpectType (string | number)[]
    })
  })
})

---------------

apply

 
apply<T = any>(fn: (...args: any[]) => T, args: any[]): T

It applies function fn to the list of arguments.

This is useful for creating a fixed-arity function from a variadic function. fn should be a bound function if context is significant.

Try this R.apply example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 apply<T = any>(fn: (...args: any[]) => T, args: any[]): T;
apply<T = any>(fn: (...args: any[]) => T): (args: any[]) => T;
R.apply source
 export function apply(fn, args){
  if (arguments.length === 1){
    return _args => apply(fn, _args)
  }

  return fn.apply(this, args)
}
Tests
 import { apply } from './apply.js'
import { bind } from './bind.js'
import { identity } from './identity.js'

test('happy', () => {
  expect(apply(identity, [ 1, 2, 3 ])).toBe(1)
})

test('applies function to argument list', () => {
  expect(apply(Math.max, [ 1, 2, 3, -99, 42, 6, 7 ])).toBe(42)
})

test('provides no way to specify context', () => {
  const obj = {
    method (){
      return this === obj
    },
  }
  expect(apply(obj.method, [])).toBeFalse()
  expect(apply(bind(obj.method, obj), [])).toBeTrue()
})
TypeScript test
 import {apply, identity} from 'rambda'

describe('R.apply', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const result = apply<number>(identity, [1, 2, 3])

    result // $ExpectType number
  })
  it('curried', () => {
    const fn = apply<number>(identity)
    const result = fn([1, 2, 3])

    result // $ExpectType number
  })
})

---------------

applySpec

 
applySpec<Spec extends Record<string, AnyFunction>>(
  spec: Spec
): (
  ...args: Parameters<ValueOfRecord<Spec>>
) => { [Key in keyof Spec]: ReturnType<Spec[Key]> }

Try this R.applySpec example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 applySpec<Spec extends Record<string, AnyFunction>>(
  spec: Spec
): (
  ...args: Parameters<ValueOfRecord<Spec>>
) => { [Key in keyof Spec]: ReturnType<Spec[Key]> };
applySpec<T>(spec: any): (...args: unknown[]) => T;
R.applySpec source
 import { isArray } from './_internals/isArray.js'

// recursively traverse the given spec object to find the highest arity function
export function __findHighestArity(spec, max = 0){
  for (const key in spec){
    if (spec.hasOwnProperty(key) === false || key === 'constructor') continue

    if (typeof spec[ key ] === 'object'){
      max = Math.max(max, __findHighestArity(spec[ key ]))
    }

    if (typeof spec[ key ] === 'function'){
      max = Math.max(max, spec[ key ].length)
    }
  }

  return max
}

function __filterUndefined(){
  const defined = []
  let i = 0
  const l = arguments.length
  while (i < l){
    if (typeof arguments[ i ] === 'undefined') break
    defined[ i ] = arguments[ i ]
    i++
  }

  return defined
}

function __applySpecWithArity(
  spec, arity, cache
){
  const remaining = arity - cache.length

  if (remaining === 1)
    return x =>
      __applySpecWithArity(
        spec, arity, __filterUndefined(...cache, x)
      )
  if (remaining === 2)
    return (x, y) =>
      __applySpecWithArity(
        spec, arity, __filterUndefined(
          ...cache, x, y
        )
      )
  if (remaining === 3)
    return (
      x, y, z
    ) =>
      __applySpecWithArity(
        spec, arity, __filterUndefined(
          ...cache, x, y, z
        )
      )
  if (remaining === 4)
    return (
      x, y, z, a
    ) =>
      __applySpecWithArity(
        spec,
        arity,
        __filterUndefined(
          ...cache, x, y, z, a
        )
      )
  if (remaining > 4)
    return (...args) =>
      __applySpecWithArity(
        spec, arity, __filterUndefined(...cache, ...args)
      )

  // handle spec as Array
  if (isArray(spec)){
    const ret = []
    let i = 0
    const l = spec.length
    for (; i < l; i++){
      // handle recursive spec inside array
      if (typeof spec[ i ] === 'object' || isArray(spec[ i ])){
        ret[ i ] = __applySpecWithArity(
          spec[ i ], arity, cache
        )
      }
      // apply spec to the key
      if (typeof spec[ i ] === 'function'){
        ret[ i ] = spec[ i ](...cache)
      }
    }

    return ret
  }

  // handle spec as Object
  const ret = {}
  // apply callbacks to each property in the spec object
  for (const key in spec){
    if (spec.hasOwnProperty(key) === false || key === 'constructor') continue

    // apply the spec recursively
    if (typeof spec[ key ] === 'object'){
      ret[ key ] = __applySpecWithArity(
        spec[ key ], arity, cache
      )
      continue
    }

    // apply spec to the key
    if (typeof spec[ key ] === 'function'){
      ret[ key ] = spec[ key ](...cache)
    }
  }

  return ret
}

export function applySpec(spec, ...args){
  // get the highest arity spec function, cache the result and pass to __applySpecWithArity
  const arity = __findHighestArity(spec)

  if (arity === 0){
    return () => ({})
  }
  const toReturn = __applySpecWithArity(
    spec, arity, args
  )

  return toReturn
}
Tests
 import { applySpec as applySpecRamda, nAry } from 'ramda'

import {
  add,
  always,
  compose,
  dec,
  inc,
  map,
  path,
  prop,
  T,
} from '../rambda.js'
import { applySpec } from './applySpec.js'

test('different than Ramda when bad spec', () => {
  const result = applySpec({ sum : { a : 1 } })(1, 2)
  const ramdaResult = applySpecRamda({ sum : { a : 1 } })(1, 2)
  expect(result).toEqual({})
  expect(ramdaResult).toEqual({ sum : { a : {} } })
})

test('works with empty spec', () => {
  expect(applySpec({})()).toEqual({})
  expect(applySpec([])(1, 2)).toEqual({})
  expect(applySpec(null)(1, 2)).toEqual({})
})

test('works with unary functions', () => {
  const result = applySpec({
    v : inc,
    u : dec,
  })(1)
  const expected = {
    v : 2,
    u : 0,
  }
  expect(result).toEqual(expected)
})

test('works with binary functions', () => {
  const result = applySpec({ sum : add })(1, 2)
  expect(result).toEqual({ sum : 3 })
})

test('works with nested specs', () => {
  const result = applySpec({
    unnested : always(0),
    nested   : { sum : add },
  })(1, 2)
  const expected = {
    unnested : 0,
    nested   : { sum : 3 },
  }
  expect(result).toEqual(expected)
})

test('works with arrays of nested specs', () => {
  const result = applySpec({
    unnested : always(0),
    nested   : [ { sum : add } ],
  })(1, 2)

  expect(result).toEqual({
    unnested : 0,
    nested   : [ { sum : 3 } ],
  })
})

test('works with arrays of spec objects', () => {
  const result = applySpec([ { sum : add } ])(1, 2)

  expect(result).toEqual([ { sum : 3 } ])
})

test('works with arrays of functions', () => {
  const result = applySpec([ map(prop('a')), map(prop('b')) ])([
    {
      a : 'a1',
      b : 'b1',
    },
    {
      a : 'a2',
      b : 'b2',
    },
  ])
  const expected = [
    [ 'a1', 'a2' ],
    [ 'b1', 'b2' ],
  ]
  expect(result).toEqual(expected)
})

test('works with a spec defining a map key', () => {
  expect(applySpec({ map : prop('a') })({ a : 1 })).toEqual({ map : 1 })
})

test('cannot retains the highest arity', () => {
  const f = applySpec({
    f1 : nAry(2, T),
    f2 : nAry(5, T),
  })
  const fRamda = applySpecRamda({
    f1 : nAry(2, T),
    f2 : nAry(5, T),
  })
  expect(f).toHaveLength(0)
  expect(fRamda).toHaveLength(5)
})

test('returns a curried function', () => {
  expect(applySpec({ sum : add })(1)(2)).toEqual({ sum : 3 })
})

// Additional tests
// ============================================
test('arity', () => {
  const spec = {
    one   : x1 => x1,
    two   : (x1, x2) => x1 + x2,
    three : (
      x1, x2, x3
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3,
  }
  expect(applySpec(
    spec, 1, 2, 3
  )).toEqual({
    one   : 1,
    two   : 3,
    three : 6,
  })
})

test('arity over 5 arguments', () => {
  const spec = {
    one   : x1 => x1,
    two   : (x1, x2) => x1 + x2,
    three : (
      x1, x2, x3
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3,
    four : (
      x1, x2, x3, x4
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3 + x4,
    five : (
      x1, x2, x3, x4, x5
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5,
  }
  expect(applySpec(
    spec, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  )).toEqual({
    one   : 1,
    two   : 3,
    three : 6,
    four  : 10,
    five  : 15,
  })
})

test('curried', () => {
  const spec = {
    one   : x1 => x1,
    two   : (x1, x2) => x1 + x2,
    three : (
      x1, x2, x3
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3,
  }
  expect(applySpec(spec)(1)(2)(3)).toEqual({
    one   : 1,
    two   : 3,
    three : 6,
  })
})

test('curried over 5 arguments', () => {
  const spec = {
    one   : x1 => x1,
    two   : (x1, x2) => x1 + x2,
    three : (
      x1, x2, x3
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3,
    four : (
      x1, x2, x3, x4
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3 + x4,
    five : (
      x1, x2, x3, x4, x5
    ) => x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5,
  }
  expect(applySpec(spec)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)).toEqual({
    one   : 1,
    two   : 3,
    three : 6,
    four  : 10,
    five  : 15,
  })
})

test('undefined property', () => {
  const spec = { prop : path([ 'property', 'doesnt', 'exist' ]) }
  expect(applySpec(spec, {})).toEqual({ prop : undefined })
})

test('restructure json object', () => {
  const spec = {
    id          : path('user.id'),
    name        : path('user.firstname'),
    profile     : path('user.profile'),
    doesntExist : path('user.profile.doesntExist'),
    info        : { views : compose(inc, prop('views')) },
    type        : always('playa'),
  }

  const data = {
    user : {
      id        : 1337,
      firstname : 'john',
      lastname  : 'shaft',
      profile   : 'shaft69',
    },
    views : 42,
  }

  expect(applySpec(spec, data)).toEqual({
    id          : 1337,
    name        : 'john',
    profile     : 'shaft69',
    doesntExist : undefined,
    info        : { views : 43 },
    type        : 'playa',
  })
})
TypeScript test
 import {multiply, applySpec, inc, dec, add} from 'rambda'

describe('applySpec', () => {
  it('ramda 1', () => {
    const result = applySpec({
      v: inc,
      u: dec,
    })(1)
    result // $ExpectType { v: number; u: number; }
  })
  it('ramda 1', () => {
    interface Output {
      sum: number,
      multiplied: number,
    }
    const result = applySpec<Output>({
      sum: add,
      multiplied: multiply,
    })(1, 2)

    result // $ExpectType Output
  })
})

---------------

applyTo

Try this R.applyTo example in Rambda REPL

---------------

ascend

Try this R.ascend example in Rambda REPL

---------------

assoc

It makes a shallow clone of obj with setting or overriding the property prop with newValue.

Try this R.assoc example in Rambda REPL

---------------

assocPath

 
assocPath<Output>(path: Path, newValue: any, obj: object): Output

It makes a shallow clone of obj with setting or overriding with newValue the property found with path.

Try this R.assocPath example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 assocPath<Output>(path: Path, newValue: any, obj: object): Output;
assocPath<Output>(path: Path, newValue: any): (obj: object) => Output;
assocPath<Output>(path: Path): (newValue: any) => (obj: object) => Output;
R.assocPath source
 import { cloneList } from './_internals/cloneList.js'
import { createPath } from './_internals/createPath.js'
import { isArray } from './_internals/isArray.js'
import { isIndexInteger } from './_internals/isInteger.js'
import { assocFn } from './assoc.js'
import { curry } from './curry.js'

export function assocPathFn(
  path, newValue, input
){
  const pathArrValue = createPath(path)
  if (pathArrValue.length === 0) return newValue

  const index = pathArrValue[ 0 ]
  if (pathArrValue.length > 1){
    const condition =
      typeof input !== 'object' ||
      input === null ||
      !input.hasOwnProperty(index)

    const nextInput = condition ?
      isIndexInteger(pathArrValue[ 1 ]) ?
        [] :
        {} :
      input[ index ]

    newValue = assocPathFn(
      Array.prototype.slice.call(pathArrValue, 1),
      newValue,
      nextInput
    )
  }

  if (isIndexInteger(index) && isArray(input)){
    const arr = cloneList(input)
    arr[ index ] = newValue

    return arr
  }

  return assocFn(
    index, newValue, input
  )
}

export const assocPath = curry(assocPathFn)
Tests
 import { assocPathFn } from './assocPath.js'

test.only('happy', () => {
  const path = 'a.c.1'
  const input = {
    a : {
      b : 1,
      c : [ 1, 2 ],
    },
  }
  assocPathFn(
    path, 3, input
  )
  expect(input).toEqual({
    a : {
      b : 1,
      c : [ 1, 2 ],
    },
  })
})

test('string can be used as path input', () => {
  const testObj = {
    a : [ { b : 1 }, { b : 2 } ],
    d : 3,
  }
  const result1 = assocPathFn(
    [ 'a', 0, 'b' ], 10, testObj
  )
  const result2 = assocPathFn(
    'a.0.b', 10, testObj
  )

  const expected = {
    a : [ { b : 10 }, { b : 2 } ],
    d : 3,
  }
  expect(result1).toEqual(expected)
  expect(result2).toEqual(expected)
})

test('difference with ramda - doesn\'t overwrite primitive values with keys in the path', () => {
  const obj = { a : 'str' }
  const result = assocPath(
    [ 'a', 'b' ], 42, obj
  )

  expect(result).toEqual({
    a : {
      0 : 's',
      1 : 't',
      2 : 'r',
      b : 42,
    },
  })
})

test('bug', () => {
  /*
    https://github.com/selfrefactor/rambda/issues/524
  */
  const state = {}

  const withDateLike = assocPath(
    [ 'outerProp', '2020-03-10' ],
    { prop : 2 },
    state
  )
  const withNumber = assocPath(
    [ 'outerProp', '5' ], { prop : 2 }, state
  )

  const withDateLikeExpected = { outerProp : { '2020-03-10' : { prop : 2 } } }
  const withNumberExpected = { outerProp : { 5 : { prop : 2 } } }
  expect(withDateLike).toEqual(withDateLikeExpected)
  expect(withNumber).toEqual(withNumberExpected)
})

test('adds a key to an empty object', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    [ 'a' ], 1, {}
  )).toEqual({ a : 1 })
})

test('adds a key to a non-empty object', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'b', 2, { a : 1 }
  )).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })
})

test('adds a nested key to a non-empty object', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'b.c', 2, { a : 1 }
  )).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : { c : 2 },
  })
})

test('adds a nested key to a nested non-empty object - curry case 1', () => {
  expect(assocPath('b.d',
    3)({
    a : 1,
    b : { c : 2 },
  })).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : {
      c : 2,
      d : 3,
    },
  })
})

test('adds a key to a non-empty object - curry case 1', () => {
  expect(assocPath('b', 2)({ a : 1 })).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })
})

test('adds a nested key to a non-empty object - curry case 1', () => {
  expect(assocPath('b.c', 2)({ a : 1 })).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : { c : 2 },
  })
})

test('adds a key to a non-empty object - curry case 2', () => {
  expect(assocPath('b')(2, { a : 1 })).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })
})

test('adds a key to a non-empty object - curry case 3', () => {
  const result = assocPath('b')(2)({ a : 1 })

  expect(result).toEqual({
    a : 1,
    b : 2,
  })
})

test('changes an existing key', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', 2, { a : 1 }
  )).toEqual({ a : 2 })
})

test('undefined is considered an empty object', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', 1, undefined
  )).toEqual({ a : 1 })
})

test('null is considered an empty object', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', 1, null
  )).toEqual({ a : 1 })
})

test('value can be null', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', null, null
  )).toEqual({ a : null })
})

test('value can be undefined', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', undefined, null
  )).toEqual({ a : undefined })
})

test('assignment is shallow', () => {
  expect(assocPath(
    'a', { b : 2 }, { a : { c : 3 } }
  )).toEqual({ a : { b : 2 } })
})

test('empty array as path', () => {
  const result = assocPath(
    [], 3, {
      a : 1,
      b : 2,
    }
  )
  expect(result).toBe(3)
})

test('happy', () => {
  const expected = { foo : { bar : { baz : 42 } } }
  const result = assocPath(
    [ 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ], 42, { foo : null }
  )
  expect(result).toEqual(expected)
})
TypeScript test
 import {assocPath} from 'rambda'

interface Output {
  a: number,
  foo: {bar: number},
}

describe('R.assocPath - user must explicitly set type of output', () => {
  it('with array as path input', () => {
    const result = assocPath<Output>(['foo', 'bar'], 2, {a: 1})

    result // $ExpectType Output
  })
  it('with string as path input', () => {
    const result = assocPath<Output>('foo.bar', 2, {a: 1})

    result // $ExpectType Output
  })
})

describe('R.assocPath - curried', () => {
  it('with array as path input', () => {
    const result = assocPath<Output>(['foo', 'bar'], 2)({a: 1})

    result // $ExpectType Output
  })
  it('with string as path input', () => {
    const result = assocPath<Output>('foo.bar', 2)({a: 1})

    result // $ExpectType Output
  })
})

---------------

binary

Try this R.binary example in Rambda REPL

---------------

bind

 
bind<F extends AnyFunction, T>(fn: F, thisObj: T): (...args: Parameters<F>) => ReturnType<F>

Creates a function that is bound to a context.

Try this R.bind example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 bind<F extends AnyFunction, T>(fn: F, thisObj: T): (...args: Parameters<F>) => ReturnType<F>;
bind<F extends AnyFunction, T>(fn: F): (thisObj: T) => (...args: Parameters<F>) => ReturnType<F>;
R.bind source
 import { curryN } from './curryN.js'

export function bind(fn, thisObj){
  if (arguments.length === 1){
    return _thisObj => bind(fn, _thisObj)
  }

  return curryN(fn.length, (...args) => fn.apply(thisObj, args))
}
Tests
 import { bind } from './bind.js'

function Foo(x){
  this.x = x
}
function add(x){
  return this.x + x
}
function Bar(x, y){
  this.x = x
  this.y = y
}
Bar.prototype = new Foo()
Bar.prototype.getX = function (){
  return 'prototype getX'
}

test('returns a function', () => {
  expect(typeof bind(add)(Foo)).toBe('function')
})

test('returns a function bound to the specified context object', () => {
  const f = new Foo(12)
  function isFoo(){
    return this instanceof Foo
  }
  const isFooBound = bind(isFoo, f)
  expect(isFoo()).toBeFalse()
  expect(isFooBound()).toBeTrue()
})

test('works with built-in types', () => {
  const abc = bind(String.prototype.toLowerCase, 'ABCDEFG')
  expect(typeof abc).toBe('function')
  expect(abc()).toBe('abcdefg')
})

test('works with user-defined types', () => {
  const f = new Foo(12)
  function getX(){
    return this.x
  }
  const getXFooBound = bind(getX, f)
  expect(getXFooBound()).toBe(12)
})

test('works with plain objects', () => {
  const pojso = { x : 100 }
  function incThis(){
    return this.x + 1
  }
  const incPojso = bind(incThis, pojso)
  expect(typeof incPojso).toBe('function')
  expect(incPojso()).toBe(101)
})

test('does not interfere with existing object methods', () => {
  const b = new Bar('a', 'b')
  function getX(){
    return this.x
  }
  const getXBarBound = bind(getX, b)
  expect(b.getX()).toBe('prototype getX')
  expect(getXBarBound()).toBe('a')
})

test('preserves arity', () => {
  const f0 = function (){
    return 0
  }
  const f1 = function (a){
    return a
  }
  const f2 = function (a, b){
    return a + b
  }
  const f3 = function (
    a, b, c
  ){
    return a + b + c
  }

  expect(bind(f0, {})).toHaveLength(0)
  expect(bind(f1, {})).toHaveLength(1)
  expect(bind(f2, {})).toHaveLength(2)
  expect(bind(f3, {})).toHaveLength(3)
})
TypeScript test
 import {bind} from 'rambda'

class Foo {}
function isFoo<T = any>(this: T): boolean {
  return this instanceof Foo
}

describe('R.bind', () => {
  it('happy', () => {
    const foo = new Foo()
    const result = bind(isFoo, foo)()

    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
})

---------------

both

 
both(pred1: Pred, pred2: Pred): Pred

It returns a function with input argument.

This function will return true, if both firstCondition and secondCondition return true when input is passed as their argument.

Try this R.both example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 both(pred1: Pred, pred2: Pred): Pred;
both<T>(pred1: Predicate<T>, pred2: Predicate<T>): Predicate<T>;
both<T>(pred1: Predicate<T>): (pred2: Predicate<T>) => Predicate<T>;
both(pred1: Pred): (pred2: Pred) => Pred;
R.both source
 export function both(f, g){
  if (arguments.length === 1) return _g => both(f, _g)

  return (...input) => f(...input) && g(...input)
}
Tests
 import { both } from './both.js'

const firstFn = val => val > 0
const secondFn = val => val < 10

test('with curry', () => {
  expect(both(firstFn)(secondFn)(17)).toBeFalse()
})

test('without curry', () => {
  expect(both(firstFn, secondFn)(7)).toBeTrue()
})

test('with multiple inputs', () => {
  const between = function (
    a, b, c
  ){
    return a < b && b < c
  }
  const total20 = function (
    a, b, c
  ){
    return a + b + c === 20
  }
  const fn = both(between, total20)
  expect(fn(
    5, 7, 8
  )).toBeTrue()
})

test('skip evaluation of the second expression', () => {
  let effect = 'not evaluated'
  const F = function (){
    return false
  }
  const Z = function (){
    effect = 'Z got evaluated'
  }
  both(F, Z)()

  expect(effect).toBe('not evaluated')
})
TypeScript test
 import {both} from 'rambda'

describe('R.both', () => {
  it('with passed type', () => {
    const fn = both<number>(
      x => x > 1,
      x => x % 2 === 0
    )
    fn // $ExpectType Predicate<number>
    const result = fn(2) // $ExpectType boolean
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('with passed type - curried', () => {
    const fn = both<number>(x => x > 1)(x => x % 2 === 0)
    fn // $ExpectType Predicate<number>
    const result = fn(2)
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('no type passed', () => {
    const fn = both(
      x => {
        x // $ExpectType any
        return x > 1
      },
      x => {
        x // $ExpectType any
        return x % 2 === 0
      }
    )
    const result = fn(2)
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
  it('no type passed - curried', () => {
    const fn = both((x: number) => {
      x // $ExpectType number
      return x > 1
    })((x: number) => {
      x // $ExpectType number
      return x % 2 === 0
    })
    const result = fn(2)
    result // $ExpectType boolean
  })
})

---------------

call

Try this R.call example in Rambda REPL

---------------

chain

 
chain<T, U>(fn: (n: T) => U[], list: T[]): U[]

The method is also known as flatMap.

Try this R.chain example in Rambda REPL

All TypeScript definitions
 chain<T, U>(fn: (n: T) => U[], list: T[]): U[];
chain<T, U>(fn: (n: T) => U[]): (list: T[]) => U[];
R.chain source
 export function chain(fn, list){
  if (arguments.length === 1){
    return _list => chain(fn, _list)
  }

  return [].concat(...list.map(fn))
}
Tests
 import { chain as chainRamda } from 'ramda'

import { chain } from './chain.js'

const duplicate = n => [ n, n ]

test('happy', () => {
  const fn = x => [ x * 2 ]
  const list = [ 1, 2, 3 ]

  const result = chain(fn, list)

  expect(result).toEqual([ 2, 4, 6 ])
})

test('maps then flattens one level', () => {
  expect(chain(duplicate, [ 1, 2, 3 ])).toEqual([ 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 ])
})

test('maps then flattens one level - curry', () => {
  expect(chain(duplicate)([ 1, 2, 3 ])).toEqual([ 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 ])
})

test('flattens only one level', () => {
  const nest = n => [ [ n ] ]
  expect(chain(nest, [ 1, 2, 3 ])).toEqual([ [ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ] ])
})

test('can compose', () => {
  function dec(x){
    return [ x - 1 ]
  }
  function times2(x){
    return [ x * 2 ]
  }

  const mdouble = chain(times2)
  const mdec = chain(dec)
  expect(mdec(mdouble([ 10, 20, 30 ]))).toEqual([ 19, 39, 59 ])
})

test('@types/ramda broken test', () => {
  const score = {
    maths   : 90,
    physics : 80,
  }

  const calculateTotal = score => {
    const { maths, physics } = score

    return maths + physics
  }

  const assocTotalToScore = (total, score) => ({
    ...score,
    total,
  })

  const calculateAndAssocTotalToScore = chainRamda(assocTotalToScore,
    calculateTotal)
  expect(() =>
    calculateAndAssocTotalToScore(score)).toThrowErrorMatchingInlineSnapshot('"fn(...) is not a function"')
})
TypeScript test
 import {chain} from 'rambda'

const list = [1, 2, 3]
const fn = (x: number) => [`${x}`, `${x}`]

describe('R.chain', () => {
  it('without passing type', () => {
    const result = chain(fn, list)
    result // $ExpectType string[]

    const curriedResult = chain(fn)(list)
    curriedResult // $ExpectType string[]
  })
})

---------------

clamp

Restrict a number input to be within min and max limits.

If input is bigger than max, then the result is max.

If input is smaller than min, then the result is min.

Try this R.clamp example in Rambda REPL

---------------

clone

It creates a deep copy of the input, which may contain (nested) Arrays and Objects, Numbers, Strings, Booleans and Dates.

Try this R.clone example in Rambda REPL

---------------

co

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